Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions below.
Because writing has become so important in our culture, we sometimes think of it as more real than speech. A little thought, however, will show why speech is primary and writing secondary to language. Human beings have been writing (as far as we can tell from surviving evidence) for at least 5000 years; but they have been talking for much longer, doubtless ever since there have been human beings.
When writing did develop, it was derived from and represented speech, although imperfectly. Even today there are spoken languages that have no written form. Furthermore, we all learn to talk well before we learn to write; any human child who is not severely handicapped physically or mentally will learn to talk. a normal human being cannot be prevented from doing so. On the other hand, it takes a special effort to learn to write. In the past many intelligent and useful members of society did not acquire the skill, and even today many who speak languages with writing systems never learn to read or write, while some who learn the rudiments of those skills do so only imperfectly.
To affirm the primacy of speech over writing is not, however, to disparage the latter. One advantage writing has over speech is that it is more permanent and makes possible the records that any civilization must have. Thus, if speaking makes us human, writing makes us civilized.
The pronoun "they" in the second paragraph refers to ______________.
A. son
B. university graduates
C. Oxford and Cambridge universities
D. educational opportunities
Đáp án B
Đại từ they ở đoạn văn số 2 nhằm chỉ ____________
A. con trai
B. những cử nhân đại học
C. các trường đại học Oxford and Cambridge
D. cơ hội giáo dục
Dẫn chứng: Included in the Puritan emigrants to the Massachusetts colony during this period were more than 100 graduates of England’s prestigious Oxford and Cambridge universities, and these universities graduates in the New Word were determined that their sons would have the same educational opportunities that they themselves had had.
Tạm dịch: Được bao gồm những người nhập cư Puritans đến Massachusetts trong giai đoạn này hơn 100 cử nhân của trường đại học Oxford và Cambridge danh tiếng, và những vị cử nhân này trong Thế giới Mới quyết tâm rằng con trai của họ cũng phải có cơ hội giáo dục như họ đã từng.
=> Đáp án B