Question

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the

correct answer to each of the questions.

A large number of inventions require years of arduous research and development before they are perfected. For instance, Thomas Edison had to make more than 1,000 attempts to invent the incandescent light bulb before he finally succeeded. History is replete with numerous other examples of people trying, yet failing to make inventions before they eventually succeeded. Yet some inventions have come about not through hard work but simply by accident.

In most cases, when someone unintentionally invented something, the inventor was attempting to create something else. For example, in the 1930s, chemist Roy Plunkett was attempting to make a new substance that could be used to refrigerate items. He mixed some chemicals together. Then, he put them into a pressurized container and cooled the mixture. By the time his experiment was complete, he had a new invention. It was not a new substance that could be used for refrigeration though. Instead, he had invented Teflon, which is today most commonly used to make nonstick pots and pans. Similarly, decades earlier, John Pemberton was a pharmacist in Atlanta, Georgia. He was attempting to create a tonic that people could use whenever they had headaches. While he was not successful in that endeavor, he managed to invent Coca – Cola, the world – famous carbonated soft drink.

Scientists have also made crucial discoveries by accident when they were conducting experiments. In 1928, Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin, an antibiotic, in this manner. He discovered some mold growing in a dish with some bacteria. He noticed that the bacteria seemed to be avoiding the mold. When he investigated further, he determined some of the many useful properties of penicillin, which has saved millions of lives over the past few decades. Likewise, in 1946, scientist Percy Spencer was conducting an experiment with microwaves. He had a candy bar in his pocket, and he noticed that it suddenly melted. He investigated and learned the reason why that had happened. Soon afterward, he built a device that could utilize microwaves to heat food. the microwave oven.

The author uses Alexander Fleming as an example of ________.

A. a person who made an accidental scientific discovery 

B. one of the most famous inventors in history 

C. someone who became a millionaire from his invention 

D. a man who dedicated his life to medical science

Answer 1

 

Chọn A

    Tác giả sử dụng Alexander Fleming làm ví dụ của ________.

    A. một người đã thực hiện một khám phá khoa học tình cờ

    B. một trong những nhà phát minh nổi tiếng nhất trong lịch sử

    C. một người trở thành triệu phú từ phát minh của mình

    D. một người đàn ông đã cống hiến cuộc đời mình cho khoa học y khoa

    Dẫn chứng: Scientists have also made crucial discoveries by accident when they were conducting experiments.      

    Tạm dịch: Các nhà khoa học cũng đã có những khám phá quan trọng một cách tình cờ khi họ đang tiến hành thí nghiệm.

ð Đáp án A