\(1.\left(x+4\right)^2-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)=16\Leftrightarrow x^2+8x+16-x^2+1=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8x=-1\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{1}{8}\)
\(2.\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(x+3\right)^2+2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)=4\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1+x+3\right)^2=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+2\right)^2=4\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}2x+2=2\\2x+2=-2\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=-2\end{cases}}\)
3.\(\left(x-1\right)^2-x\left(x-1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left[\left(x-1\right)-x\right]=0\Leftrightarrow x-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
\(4.\left(3x-1\right)^2+\left(5x-2\right)^2-2\left(3x-1\right)\left(5x-2\right)=9\Leftrightarrow\left(3x-1-5x+2\right)^2=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)^2=9\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}2x-1=3\\2x-1=-3\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=2\\x=-1\end{cases}}\)
5.\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)-x\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)=5\Leftrightarrow x^3-1-\left(x^3-4x\right)=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x=6\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}\)
6.\(\left(x-1\right)^3-\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x+9\right)+\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-3x^2+3x-1-\left(x^3+27\right)+x^2-4=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2x^2+3x-34=0\text{ vô nghiệm}\)