a) (a + b + c)2 + a2 + b2 + c2
= (a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ac) + a2 + b2 + c2
= (a2 + b2 + 2ab) + (a2 + c2 + 2ac) + (b2 + c2 + 2bc)
= (a + b)2 + (a + c)2 + (b + c)2
b) 2(a - b)(c - b) + 2(b - a)(c - a) + 2(b - c)(a - c)
= 2ac - 2ab - 2bc + 2b2 + 2bc - 2ab - 2ac + 2a2 + 2ab - 2bc - 2ac + 2c2
= 2b2 - 2ab + 2a2 - 2bc - 2ac + 2c2
= (a2 - 2ab + b2) + (b2 - 2bc + c2) + (c2 - 2ac + a2)
= (a - b)2 + (b - c)2 + (c - a)2
a) (a+b+c)2 +a2 +b2 +c2 = a2 +b2 +c2 +2ab+2bc +2ca + a2 +b2 +c2 = 2a2 +2b2 +2c2 +2ab+2bc+2ac
=(a2 +2ab+b2 ) +(c2 +2bc+b2) +(c2 +2ca +a2 ) =(a+b)2 +(b+c)2 +(c+a)2