\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}cosx-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sinx=cos3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=cos3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x=x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\\3x=-x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{6}+k\pi\\x=-\dfrac{\pi}{12}+\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)