\(ĐK:x\ge-2;y\le4\)
\(PT\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3-3x^2+3x-1\right)-\left(y^3-6y^2+12y-8\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^3-\left(y-2\right)^3=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-y+1\right)\left[\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)\left(y-2\right)+\left(y-2\right)^2\right]=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-y+1=0\\x^2-4x+xy+y^2-5y+7=0\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{4}y^2+4+xy-2y-4x\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}y^2-3y+3=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}y-2\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(y^2-4y+4\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}y-2\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(y-2\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay \(x=1;y=2\) vào PT(2) ta thấy ko thỏa mãn
Với \(x-y+1=0\Leftrightarrow y=x+1\), thay vào PT(2)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+2}+\sqrt{3-x}=x^3+x^2-4x-1\left(-2\le x\le3\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+2}+\sqrt{3-x}-3=x^3+x^2-4x-4\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2\sqrt{\left(x+2\right)\left(3-x\right)}-4}{\sqrt{x+2}+\sqrt{3-x}+3}=\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2\left[\left(x+2\right)\left(3-x\right)-4\right]}{\left(\sqrt{x+2}+\sqrt{3-x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{\left(x+2\right)\left(3-x\right)}+2\right)}=\left(x^2-x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)+\dfrac{2\left(x^2-x-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x+2}+\sqrt{3-x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{\left(x+2\right)\left(3-x\right)}+2\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-x-2\right)\left[x+2+\dfrac{1}{\left(\sqrt{x+2}+\sqrt{3-x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{\left(x+2\right)\left(3-x\right)}+2\right)}\right]=0\)
Với \(x\ge-2\Leftrightarrow x^2-x-2=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\Rightarrow y=0\\x=2\Rightarrow x=3\end{matrix}\right.\left(tm\right)\)
Vậy HPT có nghiệm \(\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(-1;0\right);\left(2;3\right)\right\}\)
