a: \(x^3+8x=5x^2+4\)
=>\(x^3-5x^2+8x-4=0\)
=>\(x^3-x^2-4x^2+4x+4x-4=0\)
=>\(x^2\left(x-1\right)-4x\left(x-1\right)+4\left(x-1\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-4x+4\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)^2=0\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\\left(x-2\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
2: \(x^3+3x^2=x+6\)
=>\(x^3+3x^2-x-6=0\)
=>\(x^3+2x^2+x^2+2x-3x-6=0\)
=>\(x^2\cdot\left(x+2\right)+x\left(x+2\right)-3\left(x+2\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+x-3\right)=0\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2=0\\x^2+x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=\dfrac{-1+\sqrt{13}}{2}\\x=\dfrac{-1-\sqrt{13}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
3: ĐKXĐ: x>=0
\(2x+3\sqrt{x}=1\)
=>\(2x+3\sqrt{x}-1=0\)
=>\(x+\dfrac{3}{2}\sqrt{x}-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\)
=>\(\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^2+2\cdot\sqrt{x}\cdot\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{9}{16}-\dfrac{17}{16}=0\)
=>\(\left(\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^2=\dfrac{17}{16}\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{3}{4}=-\dfrac{\sqrt{17}}{4}\\\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{\sqrt{17}}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=\dfrac{\sqrt{17}-3}{4}\left(nhận\right)\\\sqrt{x}=\dfrac{-\sqrt{17}-3}{4}\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(x=\dfrac{13-3\sqrt{17}}{8}\left(nhận\right)\)
4: \(x^4+4x^2+1=3x^3+3x\)
=>\(x^4-3x^3+4x^2-3x+1=0\)
=>\(x^4-x^3-2x^3+2x^2+2x^2-2x-x+1=0\)
=>\(x^3\left(x-1\right)-2x^2\left(x-1\right)+2x\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3-2x^2+2x-1\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3-x^2-x^2+x+x-1\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x-1\right)^2\cdot\left(x^2-x+1\right)=0\)
=>(x-1)^2=0
=>x-1=0
=>x=1
a.
\(x^3+8x=5x^2+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-5x^2+8x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3-4x^2+4x\right)-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-2\right)^2-\left(x-2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b.
\(x^3+3x^2-x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3+x^2-3x\right)+\left(2x^2+2x-6\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^2+x-3\right)+2\left(x^2+x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=\dfrac{-1\pm\sqrt{13}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c.
\(2x+3\sqrt{x}+1=0\)
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge0\)
Do \(x\ge0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x\ge0\\3\sqrt{x}\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow2x+3\sqrt{x}+1>0\)
Pt đã cho vô nghiệm
d.
\(x^4+4x^2+1=3x^3+3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-3x^3+4x^2-3x+1=0\)
- Với \(x=0\) ko phải nghiệm
- Với \(x\ne0\) chia cả 2 vế của pt cho \(x^2\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-3x+4-\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x^2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}+2\right)-3\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)^2-3\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)+2=0\)
Đặt \(x+\dfrac{1}{x}=t\)
\(\Rightarrow t^2-3t+2=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=1\\t=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}=2\\x+\dfrac{1}{x}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-x+1=0\left(vn\right)\\x^2-2x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x=1\)
e.
\(\left(12x-1\right)\left(6x-1\right)\left(4x-1\right)\left(3x-1\right)=330\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(12x-1\right)\left(3x-1\right)\left(6x-1\right)\left(4x-1\right)=330\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(36x^2-15x+1\right)\left(24x^2-10x+1\right)=330\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[3\left(12x^2-5x\right)+1\right]\left[2\left(12x^2-5x\right)+1\right]=330\)
Đặt \(12x^2-5x=t\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3t+1\right)\left(2t+1\right)=330\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6t^2+5t-329=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=7\\t=-\dfrac{47}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}12x^2-5x-7=0\\12x^2-5x+\dfrac{47}{6}=0\end{matrix}\right.\) (bấm máy)
