\(x^5y-xy^5=xy\left(x^4-y^4\right)\)
\(=xy\left(x^4-1+1-y^2\right)\)
\(=xy\left(x^4-1\right)-xy\left(y^4-1\right)\)
\(=xy\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)-xy\left(y^2-1\right)\left(y^2+1\right)\)
\(=xy\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)-xy\left(y-1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(y^2+1\right)\)
Xét \(xy\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)=xy\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-4+5\right)\)
\(=xy\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-4\right)+5xy\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=y.\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)x\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)+5y\left(x-1\right)x\left(x+1\right)\)
Do x-2 ; x-1 ; x ; x+1 ; x+2 là 5 số liên tiếp
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)x\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)⋮2;3;5\)
Mà (2;;3;5) = 1
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)x\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)⋮\left(2.3.5=30\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow y\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)x\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)⋮30\)
Lại có \(5\left(x-1\right)x\left(x+1\right)⋮2;3;5\Rightarrow5\left(x-1\right)x\left(x+1\right)⋮30\)
\(\Rightarrow5y\left(x-1\right)x\left(x+1\right)⋮30\)
Do đó \(y\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)x\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)-5y\left(x-1\right)x\left(x+1\right)⋮30\)
\(\Rightarrow xy\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)⋮30\)
Tương tự \(xy\left(y-1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(y^2+1\right)⋮30\)
\(\Rightarrow xy\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)-xy\left(y-1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(y^2+1\right)⋮30\)
\(\Rightarrow x^5y-xy^5⋮30\)
