Question

Cho hình thang ABCD (AB//CD; AB<CD). Gọi O là giao của hai đường chéo AC và BD. Qua O kẻ đường thẳng song song với AB cắt AD, BC tại M,N

a, chứng minh OA.OD=OB.OC

b, biết AB=5cm; CD=10cm; OC=6cm. Tính OA,OM

c, chứng minh 1/OM = 1/ON = 1/AB + 1/ CD

Answer 1

c. -Xét △ADC có: OM//DC (gt).

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{MO}{DC}=\dfrac{AO}{AC}\) (định lí Ta-let).

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{DC}{MO}=\dfrac{AC}{AO}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{DC}{OM}-1=\dfrac{OC}{AO}\) (1).

-Xét △BDC có: ON//DC (gt).

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ON}{DC}=\dfrac{BO}{BD}\) (định lí Ta-let).

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{DC}{ON}=\dfrac{BD}{BO}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{DC}{ON}-1=\dfrac{OD}{BO}\)

-Xét △ABO có: AB//DC (gt).

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{OD}{BO}=\dfrac{OC}{OA}=\dfrac{DC}{AB}\) (3)

-Từ (1), (2),(3) suy ra:

\(\dfrac{DC}{OM}-1=\dfrac{DC}{ON}-1=\dfrac{DC}{AB}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{DC}{OM}=\dfrac{DC}{ON}=\dfrac{DC}{AB}+1=\dfrac{AB+DC}{AB}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{OM}=\dfrac{1}{ON}=\dfrac{AB+DC}{AB.DC}=\dfrac{1}{AB}+\dfrac{1}{CD}\)

Answer 2

a: Xét ΔAOB và ΔCOD có 

\(\widehat{OAB}=\widehat{OCD}\)

\(\widehat{AOB}=\widehat{COD}\)

Do đó: ΔAOB∼ΔCOD

Suy ra: \(\dfrac{OA}{OC}=\dfrac{OB}{OD}=\dfrac{AB}{CD}\)

hay \(OA\cdot OD=OB\cdot OC\)

b: \(\dfrac{OA}{OC}=\dfrac{AB}{CD}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow OA=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot6=3\left(cm\right)\)