Ta có:
\(\dfrac{tanA}{tan^3B}=\dfrac{tanA}{tanB}.\dfrac{1}{tan^2B}=\dfrac{\dfrac{sinA}{cosA}}{\dfrac{sinB}{cosB}}.\dfrac{cos^2B}{sin^2B}\)
\(=\dfrac{sinA}{sinB}.\dfrac{cosB}{cosA}.\dfrac{cos^2B}{sin^2B}\)
\(=\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{\dfrac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2ac}}{\dfrac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2bc}}.\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2ac}\right)^2}{1-\left(\dfrac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2ac}\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{b^2+c^2-a^2}.\dfrac{\left(a^2+c^2-b^2\right)^2}{\left(2ac\right)^2-\left(a^2+c^2-b^2\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a^2+c^2-b^2\right)^3}{b^2+c^2-a^2}.\dfrac{1}{\left[\left(a+c\right)^2-b^2\right]\left[b^2-\left(a-c\right)^2\right]}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a^2+c^2-b^2\right)^3}{b^2+c^2-a^2}.\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+c-b\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\left(a+b-c\right)}\)
Biến đổi tương tự, ta có BĐT tương đương với BĐT đã cho:
\(\dfrac{\left(a^2+c^2-b^2\right)^3}{b^2+c^2-a^2}+\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2-c^2\right)^3}{a^2+c^2-b^2}+\dfrac{\left(b^2+c^2-a^2\right)^3}{a^2+b^2-c^2}\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\left(a+c-b\right)\left(a+b-c\right)\)
Ta có BĐT phụ sau:
\(\dfrac{x^3}{y}+\dfrac{y^3}{z}+\dfrac{z^3}{x}\ge xy+yz+xz\left(\text{*}\right)\) với \(x,y,z>0\)
Chứng minh:
Áp dụng BĐT cộng mẫu:
\(\dfrac{x^3}{y}+\dfrac{y^3}{z}+\dfrac{z^3}{x}=\dfrac{x^4}{xy}+\dfrac{y^4}{yz}+\dfrac{z^4}{xz}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{xy+yz+xz}\ge\dfrac{\left(xy+yz+xz\right)^2}{xy+yz+xz}=xy+yz+xz\)(đpcm)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x=y=z\)
Áp dụng BĐT \(\left(\text{*}\right)\), với đk \(\Delta ABC\) có ba góc nhọn, ta có:
\(\dfrac{\left(a^2+c^2-b^2\right)^3}{b^2+c^2-a^2}+\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2-c^2\right)^3}{a^2+c^2-b^2}+\dfrac{\left(b^2+c^2-a^2\right)^3}{a^2+b^2-c^2}\ge\left(a^2+c^2-b^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2-c^2\right)+\left(a^2+b^2-c^2\right)\left(b^2+c^2-a^2\right)+\left(b^2+c^2-a^2\right)\left(a^2+c^2-b^2\right)\)
Ta chứng minh được:
\(\left(a^2+c^2-b^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2-c^2\right)+\left(a^2+b^2-c^2\right)\left(b^2+c^2-a^2\right)+\left(b^2+c^2-a^2\right)\left(a^2+c^2-b^2\right)=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\left(a+c-b\right)\left(a+b-c\right)\)
\(=-a^4-b^4-c^4+2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2a^2c^2\)
Vậy ta có BĐT cần chứng minh, đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\widehat{A}=\widehat{B}=\widehat{C}=60^0\)
