Question

Cho đa thức f(x)=x³-3x²+3x+3

Chứng minh: \(f\left(\frac{2017}{2016}\right)< f\left(\frac{2016}{2015}\right)\)

Answer 1

Ta sẽ xét tính biến thiên của hàm số : 

Ta có \(f\left(x\right)=\left(x^3-3x^2+3x-1\right)+4=\left(x-1\right)^3+4\)

\(f\left(\frac{2017}{2016}\right)-f\left(\frac{2016}{2015}\right)=\left(\frac{2017}{2016}-1\right)^3-\left(\frac{2016}{2015}-1\right)^3\)

\(=\left(\frac{1}{2016}-\frac{1}{2015}\right)\left[\left(\frac{2017}{2016}-1\right)^2+\left(\frac{2016}{2015}-1\right)^2+\left(\frac{2017}{2016}-1\right)\left(\frac{2016}{2015}-1\right)\right]\)

\(=\left(\frac{1}{2016}-\frac{1}{2015}\right)\left(\frac{1}{2016^2}+\frac{1}{2015^2}+\frac{1}{2016}.\frac{1}{2015}\right)< 0\)

\(\Rightarrow f\left(\frac{2017}{2016}\right)-f\left(\frac{2016}{2015}\right)< 0\Rightarrow f\left(\frac{2017}{2016}\right)< f\left(\frac{2016}{2015}\right)\)

Answer 2

Ta sẽ xét tính biến thiên của hàm số : 

Ta có f\left(x\right)=\left(x^3-3x^2+3x-1\right)+4=\left(x-1\right)^3+4f(x)=(x3−3x2+3x−1)+4=(x−1)3+4

f\left(\frac{2017}{2016}\right)-f\left(\frac{2016}{2015}\right)=\left(\frac{2017}{2016}-1\right)^3-\left(\frac{2016}{2015}-1\right)^3f(20162017​)−f(20152016​)=(20162017​−1)3−(20152016​−1)3

=\left(\frac{1}{2016}-\frac{1}{2015}\right)\left[\left(\frac{2017}{2016}-1\right)^2+\left(\frac{2016}{2015}-1\right)^2+\left(\frac{2017}{2016}-1\right)\left(\frac{2016}{2015}-1\right)\right]=(20161​−20151​)[(20162017​−1)2+(20152016​−1)2+(20162017​−1)(20152016​−1)]

=\left(\frac{1}{2016}-\frac{1}{2015}\right)\left(\frac{1}{2016^2}+\frac{1}{2015^2}+\frac{1}{2016}.\frac{1}{2015}\right)&lt; 0=(20161​−20151​)(201621​+201521​+20161​.20151​)<0

\Rightarrow f\left(\frac{2017}{2016}\right)-f\left(\frac{2016}{2015}\right)&lt; 0\Rightarrow f\left(\frac{2017}{2016}\right)&lt; f\left(\frac{2016}{2015}\right)⇒f(20162017​)−f(20152016​)<0⇒f(20162017​)<f(20152016​)