a) Ta có:
\(Q=\sqrt{\left(1-3x\right)\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)}\) Q có nghĩa khi:
\(\left(1-3x\right)\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1-3x\ge0\\x+\dfrac{1}{2}\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1-3x\le0\\x+\dfrac{1}{2}\le\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x\le1\\x\ge-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x\ge1\\x\le-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le\dfrac{1}{3}\\x\ge-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\\x\le-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-\dfrac{1}{2}\le x\le\dfrac{1}{3}\\x\in\varnothing\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{1}{2}\le x\le\dfrac{1}{3}\)
b) Ta có: \(Q=\sqrt{\left(1-3x\right)\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)}\)
\(Q=\sqrt{x+\dfrac{1}{2}-3x^2-\dfrac{3}{2}x}\)
\(Q=\sqrt{-\left(3x^2+\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)}\)
\(Q=\sqrt{-3\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{6}x-\dfrac{1}{6}\right)}\)
\(Q=\sqrt{-3\left(x^2+2\cdot\dfrac{1}{12}\cdot x+\dfrac{1}{144}-\dfrac{25}{144}\right)}\)
\(Q=\sqrt{-3\left(x+\dfrac{1}{12}\right)^2+\dfrac{25}{144}}\)
Mà: \(Q=\sqrt{-3\left(x+\dfrac{1}{12}\right)^2+\dfrac{25}{144}}\le\sqrt{\dfrac{25}{144}}=\dfrac{5}{12}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(\Leftrightarrow-3\left(x+\dfrac{1}{12}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\dfrac{1}{12}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{12}\)
Vậy: \(Q_{max}=\dfrac{5}{12}.khi.x=-\dfrac{1}{12}\)
