Giả sử: \(a^4\left(b-c\right)+b^4\left(c-a\right)=c^4\left(b-a\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4\left(b-a+a-c\right)+b^4\left(c-a\right)-c^4\left(b-a\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4\left(b-a\right)+a^4\left(a-c\right)+b^4\left(c-a\right)-c^4\left(b-a\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b-a\right)\left(a^4-c^4\right)+\left(a-c\right)\left(a^4-b^4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b-a\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(a^2+c^2\right)+\left(a-c\right)\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b-a\right)\left(c-a\right)\left\{\left(a+c\right)\left(a^2+c^2\right)-\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)\right\}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+c\right)\left(a^2+c^2\right)-\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)=0\)( do a, b, c phân biệt).
\(\Leftrightarrow ac^2+a^2c+c^3-ab^2-a^2b-b^3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2\left(c-b\right)+a\left(c^2-b^2\right)+\left(c^3-b^3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(c-b\right)\left(a^2+a\left(b+c\right)+b^2+bc+c^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(c-b\right)\left(a^2+2.a\frac{b+c}{2}+\frac{b^2+2bc+c^2}{4}+\frac{3b^2+2bc+3c^2}{4}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(c-b\right)\left(\left(a+\frac{b+c}{2}\right)^2+\frac{2b^2+3bc+2c^2}{4}\right)=0\)(*).
Do \(\left(a+\frac{b+c}{2}\right)^2\ge0,\frac{2b^2+3bc+2c^2}{4}>0\).
Nên (*) không thể xảy ra. Vậy điều giả sử sai, ta có đpcm.
Đặt A = a4(b - c) + b4(c - a) + c4(a - b) = a4(b - a + a - c) + b4(c - a) + c4(a - b) = a4(b - a) + a4(a - c) + b4(c - a) + c4(a - b)
= (a - b)(c4 - a4) + (a - c)(a4 - b4) = (a - b)(c - a)(c + a)(c2 + a2) + (a - c)(a - b)(a + b)(a2 + b2)
= (a - b)(a - c)[(a + b)(a2 + b2) - (c + a)(c2 + a2)] = (a - b)(a - c)(a3 + ab2 + a2b + b3 - c3 - a2c - ac2 - a3)
= (a - b)(a - c)[a2(b - c) + a(b2 - c2) + (b3 - c3)] = (a - b)(a - c)(b - c)[a2 + a(b + c) + b2 + bc + c2]
= (a - b)(a - c)(b - c)\(\frac{a^2+2ab+b^2+a^2+2ac+c^2+b^2+2bc+c^2}{2}\)
=\(\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(a+c\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2\right]}{2}\)
Vì a,b,c là 3 số phân biệt nên A khác 0 <=> a4(b - c) + b4(c - a)\(\ne-c^4\left(a-b\right)=c^4\left(b-a\right)\)
⇔a4(b−a+a−c)+b4(c−a)−c4(b−a)=0
⇔a4(b−a)+a4(a−c)+b4(c−a)−c4(b−a)=0
⇔(b−a)(a4−c4)+(a−c)(a4−b4)=0
⇔(b−a)(a−c)(a+c)(a2+c2)+(a−c)(a−b)(a+b)(a2+b2)=0
⇔(b−a)(c−a){(a+c)(a2+c2)−(a+b)(a2+b2)}=0
⇔(a+c)(a2+c2)−(a+b)(a2+b2)=0( do a, b, c phân biệt).
⇔ac2+a2c+c3−ab2−a2b−b3=0
⇔a2(c−b)+a(c2−b2)+(c3−b3)=0
⇔(c−b)(a2+a(b+c)+b2+bc+c2)=0
⇔(c−b)(a2+2.ab+c2 +b2+2bc+c24 +3b2+2bc+3c24 )=0
⇔(c−b)((a+b+c2 )2+2b2+3bc+2c24 )=0(*).
Do
