PTHH: \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{Mg}=n_{MgSO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{MgSO_4}=n.M=0,1.120=12\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=n.M=0,1.2=0,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo định luật bảo toàn khối lượng, ta có:
\(m_{ddMgSO_4}=m_{Mg}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}\)
\(m_{ddMgSO_4}=2,4+300-0,2=302,2\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%ddMgSO_4=\dfrac{12}{302,2}.100\approx3,98\%\)