a) \(=\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\)
b) \(=\left(\sqrt{a}\right)^2-2\sqrt{ab}+\left(\sqrt{b}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2\)
c) \(=\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^2-2\sqrt{x}+1=\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2\)
d) \(=\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\)
e) \(=\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)\)
f) \(=\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(x-\sqrt{xy}+y\right)\)