a. 16a2 - 49.( b - c )2
= ( 4a )2 - 72.( b - c )2
= ( 4a )2 - [ 7.( b - c ) ]2
= ( 4a )2 - ( 7b - 7c )2
= ( 4a - 7b + 7c ).( 4a + 7b - 7c )
b. ( ax + by )2 - ( ax - by )2
=( ax + by + ax - by ).( ax + by - ax + by )
= 2ax . 2by
= 2.( ax + by )
c.a6 - 1
= ( a3 )2 - 1
= ( a3 - 1 ).( a3 + 1 )
= ( a - 1 ).( a2 + a + 1 ).( a + 1 ).( a2 - a + 1 )
d. a8 - b8
= ( a4 )2 - ( b4 )2
= ( a4 - b4 ).( a4 + b4 )
= [ ( a2 )2 - ( b2 )2 ].( a4 + b4 )
= ( a2 - b2 ).( a2 + b2 ).( a4 + b4 )
= ( a - b ).( a + b ).( a2 + b2 ).( a4 + b4 )
B2
( x - 4 )2 - 36 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) ( x - 4 )2 = 36
\(\Leftrightarrow\) ( x - 4 )2 = 62
\(\Leftrightarrow\) x + 4 = \(\pm\) 6
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x+4=6\\x+4=-6\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=10\\x=-2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy x = 10 , x = -2
b. ( x - 8 )2 = 121
\(\Leftrightarrow\) ( x - 8 )2 = 112
\(\Leftrightarrow\) x - 8 = \(\pm\)11
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x-8=11\\x-8=-11\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=19\\x=-3\end{cases}}\)
Vậy x = 19 , x = -3
c. x2 + 8x + 16 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)x2 + 2.4x + 42 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) ( x + 4 )2 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) x + 4 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) x = -4
Vậy x = -4
d. 4x2 - 12x = - 9
\(\Leftrightarrow\)( 2x )2 - 2.2.x.3 + 32 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) ( 2x - 3 )2 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 2x - 3 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 2x = 3
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy x = \(\frac{3}{2}\)
