a: \(12x^3-6x^2+3x\)
\(=3x\cdot4x^2-3x\cdot2x+3x\cdot1\)
\(=3x\left(4x^2-2x+1\right)\)
b: \(\dfrac{2}{5}x^2+5x^3+x^2y\)
\(=x^2\cdot\dfrac{2}{5}+x^2\cdot5x+x^2\cdot y\)
\(=x^2\left(\dfrac{2}{5}+5x+y\right)\)
c: \(14x^2y-21xy^2+28x^2y^2\)
\(=7xy\cdot2x-7xy\cdot3y+7xy\cdot4xy\)
\(=7xy\left(2x-3y+4xy\right)\)