\(\left(2x-1\right)^2+\left(x-3\right)\left(2x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x-1+x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)\left(3x-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=0\\3x-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=1\\3x=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=\dfrac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{4}{3}\right\}\)