1.Ta có: \(c+ab=\left(a+b+c\right)c+ab\)
\(=ac+bc+c^2+ab\)
\(=a\left(b+c\right)+c\left(b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\)
CMTT \(a+bc=\left(c+a\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
\(b+ca=\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\)
Từ đó \(P=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}}\)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}\right)\)( theo BĐT AM-GM)
CMTT\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{a+c}+\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{b+c}+\frac{a}{a+b}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{2}.3\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu"="xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Vậy /...
\(\frac{a+1}{b^2+1}=a+1-\frac{ab^2-b^2}{b^2+1}=a+1-\frac{b^2\left(a+1\right)}{b^2+1}\ge a+1-\frac{b^2\left(a+1\right)}{2b}\)
\(=a+1-\frac{b\left(a+1\right)}{2}=a+1-\frac{ab+b}{2}\)
Tương tự rồi cộng lại:
\(RHS\ge a+b+c+3-\frac{ab+bc+ca+a+b+c}{2}\)
\(\ge a+b+c+3-\frac{\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}+a+b+c}{2}=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra tại \(a=b=c=1\)
Bài 1 :
\(P=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c+ab}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a+bc}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b+ca}}\)
\(P=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c\left(a+b+c\right)+ab}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a\left(a+b+c\right)+bc}}\)
\(+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b\left(a+b+c\right)+ca}}\)
\(P=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{ac+bc+c^2+ab}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a^2+ab+ac+bc}}\)
\(+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{ab+b^2+bc+ca}}\)
\(P=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho 2 bô só thực không âm
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\le\frac{\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{b+c}}{2}\\\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\frac{\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{a+c}}{2}\\\sqrt{\frac{ca}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\le\frac{\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{c}{b+c}}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\)
\(\le\frac{\left(\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+c}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{b+c}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+b}\right)}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{\frac{a+c}{a+c}+\frac{b+c}{b+c}+\frac{a+b}{a+b}}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy \(P_{max}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!!
Bài 2 :
Xét : \(\frac{a+1}{b^2+1}+\frac{b+1}{c^2+1}+\frac{c+1}{a^2+1}\ge3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b^2+1}+\frac{b}{c^2+1}+\frac{c}{a^2+1}+\frac{1}{a^2+1}+\frac{1}{b^2+1}+\frac{1}{c^2+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a-\frac{ab^2}{b^2+1}+b-\frac{bc^2}{c^2+1}+c-\frac{ca^2}{a^2+1}+1-\frac{a^2}{a^2+1}+1-\frac{b^2}{b^2+1}\)
\(+1-\frac{c^2}{c^2+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3-\left(\frac{ab^2}{b^2+1}+\frac{bc^2}{c^2+1}+\frac{ca^2}{ca+1}\right)+3\)
\(-\left(\frac{a^2}{a^2+1}+\frac{b^2}{b^2+1}+\frac{c^2}{c^2+1}\right)\)
Xét \(3-\left(\frac{ab^2}{b^2+1}+\frac{bc^2}{c^2+1}+\frac{ca^2}{a^2+1}\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho 2 bộ số thực không âm
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{ab^2}{b^2+1}\le\frac{ab^2}{2b}=\frac{ab}{2}\\\frac{bc^2}{c^2+1}\le\frac{bc^2}{2c}=\frac{bc}{2}\\\frac{ca^2}{a^2+1}\le\frac{ca^2}{2a}=\frac{ca}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3-\left(\frac{ab^2}{b^2+1}+\frac{bc^2}{c^2+1}+\frac{ca^2}{a^2+1}\right)\ge3-\frac{ab+bc+ca}{2}\left(1\right)\)
Theo hệ quả của bất đẳng thức Cauchy ta có :
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{2}\le3-\frac{ab+bc+ca}{2}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2)
\(\Rightarrow3-\left(\frac{ab^2}{b^2+1}+\frac{bc^2}{c^2+1}+\frac{ca^2}{a^2+1}\right)\ge\frac{3}{2}\left(3\right)\)
Xét \(3-\left(\frac{a^2}{a^2+1}+\frac{b^2}{b^2+1}+\frac{c^2}{c^2+1}\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho 2 bộ số thực không âm
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{a^2}{a^2+1}\le\frac{a^2}{2a}=\frac{a}{2}\\\frac{b^2}{b^2+1}\le\frac{b^2}{2b}=\frac{b}{2}\\\frac{c^2}{c^2+1}\le\frac{c^2}{2c}=\frac{c}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{a^2+1}+\frac{b^2}{b^2+1}+\frac{c^2}{c^2+1}\le\frac{a+b+c}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow3-\left(\frac{a^2}{a^2+1}+\frac{b^2}{b^2+1}+\frac{c^2}{c^2+1}\right)\ge3-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\left(4\right)\)
Từ (3) và (4) cộng theo từng vế
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{3}{2}+\frac{3}{2}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+1}{b^2+1}+\frac{b+1}{c^2+1}+\frac{c+1}{a^2+1}\ge3\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!!
