Ta có: \(G=x^2+xy+y^2-3\left(x+y\right)+3\)
\(=\frac12\left(2x^2+2xy+2y^2-6x-6y+6\right)\)
\(=\frac12\left(x^2-6x+9+y^2-6y+9+x^2+2xy+y^2-12\right)\)
\(=\frac12\left\lbrack\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+\left(x+y\right)^2\right\rbrack-6\)
\(=\frac12\left\lbrack\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2\right\rbrack+\frac12\left(x+y\right)^2-6\)
Vì \(\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
nên dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-3=0 và y-3=0
=>x=3 và y=3
=>x+y=3+3=6
=>\(\frac12\left(x+y\right)^2=\frac12\cdot6^2=18\)
=>\(M_{\min}=18-6=12\)


