a: \(\frac{2ab}{6b}=\frac{2ab:2b}{6b:2b}=\frac{a}{3}\)
b: \(\frac{7pq^2}{21p^2q}=\frac{7pq^2:7pq}{21p^2q:7pq}=\frac{q}{3p}\)
c: \(\frac{3x-21}{7x-x^2}\)
\(=\frac{3\left(x-7\right)}{-x\left(x-7\right)}=\frac{3}{-x}=-\frac{3}{x}\)
d: \(\frac{9p^2-16q^2}{3p^2-2pq-8q^2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(3p-4q\right)\left(3p+4q\right)}{3p^2-6pq+4pq-8q^2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(3p-4q\right)\left(3p+4q\right)}{3p\left(p-2q\right)+4q\left(p-2q\right)}=\frac{\left(3p-4q\right)\left(3p+4q\right)}{\left(3p+4q\right)\left(p-2q\right)}=\frac{3p-4q}{p-2q}\)

