a) Xét mC : mH : mO = 64,865% : 13,51% : 21,625%
=> nC : nH : nO = \(\dfrac{64,865}{12}:\dfrac{13,51}{1}:\dfrac{21,625}{16}=4:10:1\)
=> CTPT: (C4H10O)n hay C4nH10nOn ( n thuộc N*)
Xét độ bất bão hòa \(=\dfrac{2.4n+2-10n}{2}=\dfrac{2-2n}{2}=1-n\ge0\)
=> n = 1
Vậy CTPT: C4H10O
CTCT:
(1) \(CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2OH\)
(2) \(CH_3-CH_2-CH\left(OH\right)-CH_3\)
(3) \(CH_3-CH\left(CH_3\right)-CH_2OH\)
(4) \(CH_3-C\left(OH\right)\left(CH_3\right)-CH_3\)
(5) \(CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-O-CH_3\)
(6) \(CH_3-CH\left(CH_3\right)-O-CH_3\)
(7) \(CH_3-CH_2-O-CH_2-CH_3\)
b) Xét mC : mH : mN = 61,017% : 15,254% : 23,729%
=> \(n_C:n_H:n_N=\dfrac{61,017}{12}:\dfrac{15,254}{1}:\dfrac{23,729}{14}=3:9:1\)
=> CTPT: (C3H9N)n hay C3nH9nNn ( n thuộc N*)
Xét độ bất bão hòa \(\dfrac{2.3n+2-9n+n}{2}=1-n\)
=> n = 1
=> CTPT: C3H9N
CTCT:
(1) \(CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-NH_2\)
(2) \(CH_3-CH\left(NH_2\right)-CH_3\)
(3) \(CH_3-CH_2-NH-CH_3\)
(4) \(\left(CH_3\right)N\)
a)
\(CTTQ:C_aH_bO_z\left(a,b,z:nguyên,dương\right)\\ Ta.có:a:b:z=\dfrac{64,865\%}{12}:\dfrac{13,51\%}{1}:\dfrac{100\%-\left(64,865\%+13,51\%\right)}{16}\\ =0,054:0,1351:0,0135=4:10:1\\ \Rightarrow a=4;b=10;z=1\\ \Rightarrow CTPT:C_4H_{10}O\\ CTCT:CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-OH\left(1\right)\\ CH_3-CH\left(CH_3\right)-CH_2-OH\left(2\right)\\ CH_3-CH_2-CH\left(CH_3\right)-OH\left(3\right)\\ CH_3-C\left(OH\right)-CH\left(CH_3\right)-CH_3\left(4\right)\\ CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-O-CH_3\left(5\right)\\ CH_3-CH\left(CH_3\right)-O-CH_3\left(6\right)\\ CH_3-CH_2-O-CH_2-CH_3\left(7\right)\)
Gọi tên:
(1) Ancol butylic
(2) 2 - metylpropan - 1 - ol
(3) Butan - 2 - ol
(4) 2 - metylpropan - 2 - ol
(5) metylpropyl ete
(6) Isopropylmetyl ete
(7) Đietyl ete
\(b,CTTQ:C_uH_vN_s\left(u,v,s:nguyên,dương\right)\\ Ta.có:u:v:s=\dfrac{61,017\%}{12}:\dfrac{15,254\%}{1}:\dfrac{100\%-\left(61,017\%+15,254\%\right)}{14}\\ =0,051:0,15254:0,017=3:9:1\\ \Rightarrow u=3;v=9;s=1\\ \Rightarrow CTHH:C_3H_9N\\ CTCT:CH_3-\left[CH_2\right]_2-NH_2\left(1\right)\\ CH_3-CH\left(NH_3\right)-CH_3\left(2\right)\\ CH_3-CH_2-NH-CH_3\left(3\right)\\ \left(CH_3\right)_3N\left(4\right)\)
Gọi tên:
(1) Propan - 1 - amin
(2) Propan - 2 - amin
(3) N - metyletanamin
(4) Trimetyl amin