Đặt tên điểm như hình vẽ bên dưới
Ta có: F là trung điểm BI \(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AF}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AI}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AG}=\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AF}=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AI}\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{6}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{6}\left(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AD}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{6}\overrightarrow{AD}\)
\(\overrightarrow{AH}=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AD}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AD}+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AD}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AD}\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AK}=\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AH}=\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AD}\)
\(\overrightarrow{GK}=\overrightarrow{GA}+\overrightarrow{AK}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}-\dfrac{1}{6}\overrightarrow{AD}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AD}=-\dfrac{1}{6}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AD}\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AG}.\overrightarrow{GK}=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{6}\overrightarrow{AD}\right)\left(-\dfrac{1}{6}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AD}\right)=-\dfrac{1}{12}AB^2+\dfrac{1}{12}AD^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow AG\perp GK\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\overrightarrow{GA}=\left(a+\dfrac{1}{3};b\right)\\\overrightarrow{KG}=\left(0;\dfrac{5}{3}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{GA}.\overrightarrow{KG}=\left(a+\dfrac{1}{3}\right).0+\dfrac{5}{3}b=0\Rightarrow b=0\)
Mặt khác: \(AG^2-GK^2=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{6}\overrightarrow{AD}\right)^2-\left(-\dfrac{1}{6}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AD}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow AG^2=GK^2\Rightarrow\left(a+\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{5}{3}\right)^2\Rightarrow a=-2\)
