Fill in the blank.
Internet (1)........... the invention of modern and high technology science. It provides us amazing facility (2)............. searching any information from any corner of the world by anyone. We can connect more than one computer to each other using this internet in order to easily access information (3).............. any connected computer from one place. Using internet we can send any big or small message, information very quickly within seconds to anyone’s computer, mobile or other digital device like tablets, PC, etc. It is a vast storage of information as it has more (4)...... billions of running websites related to the domestic, business, academic, governmental, etc. We can say it is a network of networks.
Dịch:
Some theories of the purpose of dreams
Freud believed that we dream so that we can release the deep, secret desires that we are not allowed to express in real life because of the rules of polite society. Most people know about Freudian dream analysis – a dream about a train going into a tunnel is a dream about sexual intercourse. But couldn’t it just be a dream about travelling on a train?
Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problems that we can’t solve in real life. We go to sleep with a problem and wake up with the answer. This may be more of a way to ‘use’ our dreams than a ‘purpose’ of dreaming. If you believe that your dreams are important then analysing them may help you to focus your mind on the problem and help you to find the solution.
The modern image is that dreams are the brain’s way of cleaning up the computer’s hard disk, organizing the events of the day into folders and deleting the rubbish that it doesn’t want to keep. But we all know that very little of what we dream every night is concerned with what happened to us that day.
Another idea is that dreams are the brain’s way of practising the behaviour that we need to survive. So we dream about being chased by a monster because one day it might happen! It’s a bit like a pianist practising her scales every day even though she doesn’t need to use them at that moment.
Others believe that dreaming is the brain’s way of exercising the pathways between the brain cells. This may be an important element in why we sleep rather than why we dream. We die if we don’t sleep but we can live without dreaming. Some patients with brain injuries lose the ability to dream but don’t seem to suffer any ill-effects.
REM and dreaming
Scientists used to think that dreaming only happened during Rapid Eye Movement sleep (REM). REM sleep is essential for all mammals. We all become irritable and depressed without it. If we don’t have enough REM one night, we will compensate by having more the next. REM is generated by the brainstem – the oldest and most primitive part of the brain. So scientists used to believe that dreaming was also caused by activity in the brainstem. We now know that dreaming can happen at any time during sleep. The only difference seems to be that it’s easier to remember dreams that happen during REM.
Babies have a lot more REM activity than adults, but research shows that they dream less. The same may be true of animals. We know that they have REM activity but that doesn’t mean they dream.
It also seems that dreaming is a skill that develops as you get older, like language for example. Young children’s dreams are very different from older children’s or adult’s dreams.
New research
Modern technology has allowed scientists to map the parts of the brain that are active when we dream. The primitive brainstem is very active, but so are other important areas at the front of the brain. These are the frontal lobes that control emotion, memory, and experiences that come through the senses like hearing and vision. If these areas are injured, the person stops dreaming. On the other hand, the areas that control rational, logical thought are not active at all. This could explain why dreams are so strange. They have no logical sequence or time, which makes them very difficult to explain to other people when we wake up. Dreams combine recent events with long past events and our emotions while we are dreaming are often very strong.
Psychologists have also done studies on people who kept dream diaries for long periods of time (up to fifty years in some cases) and have found that what we dream is very much connected with how we think and behave when we are awake. So an extrovert, adventurous person will have extrovert, adventurous dreams. A shy person will be a shy person in her dreams. People who are important to us will often be in our dreams and so will things that worry us or make us happy.
So what’s the conclusion?
Well, nobody really knows. But scientists are now suggesting that dreams have absolutely no purpose at all. When we are awake we are ‘thinking’ all the time. Some of this thinking is useful and has a purpose. But we often just ‘think’ about nothing in particular while we’re waiting for the bus or walking to work. And that’s what the brain is doing when we are asleep - just thinking. Sometimes it’s interesting and sometimes it’s boring.
Doing the research for this article has made me more interested in my dreams rather than less. I might even start a dream diary! But nothing that I’ve read explains why I sometimes have an embarrassing dream about finding myself standing completely naked at a bus stop. Fortunately, this has never happened to me in real life, and it isn’t something that I think about when I’m awake. I’m told that it’s an example of a ‘universal dream’ – a dream that is common to people all over the world. Dreaming about flying is another example. So what’s the explanation? We can’t all be ‘just thinking’ about the same thing, can we?
Find the new words and translate it
Please, let's go Go my terror. I've been in my years and I feel lonely and muddy for ignoring the very last thing I've never reached and always illusory. I have delayed my studies. It is also considered to be a vengeance when it is also an interest that I can live in this society. Setting foot in society encounters a lot of obstacles and difficulties for yourself because thankfully I have loved ones besides also considered but more than the people in the world, I don't think so right from the beginning, I just thought of being banished as I was in prison that I was wrong because after all it was the silent thing that helped me the river in this society. Besides, the pressures and frustrances of what you have done and so do I have nothing for the hour and the fitting I have to live for over time, but I like to kill my childhood and the time of death that has made me lose the things I desire
giải giùm nghe
A visit to the Ocean Center – by Rebecca Hardy, aged 13
My family and I went to the Ocean Center in my hometown recently. It was one of the most
amazing places I’ve ever been. We don’t live near the sea, so I don’t get much chance to see
living creatures for myself.
Inside the center you go on what they call an ocean journey. It takes you from the smallest
stream, through rivers, and out into the deepest ocean. Along the way you meet fish and other
creatures that live in these places. And there are thousands of them – some pretty and peaceful,
and others frightening and deadly.
Our guide told us that the Center was originally set up to help look after the seas and protect the
life within them. In fact, every entry ticket bought there helps the Center to achieve its aim, so I felt
my visit was in a good cause.
By chance, we arrived just at feeding time and watched staff give food to hundreds of fish. I
wanted to do it too, but the staff wouldn’t let me. But I’d still really recommend being there at
feeding time. You’ll see feeding times advertised at the ticket sales, or you can telephone in
advance to find out when they are.
The most fascinating part of the visit for me was a new exhibition at the Center that told the story
of seahorses across the world. It has the biggest collection for these magical creatures in Europe,
and almost as many as one in the USA. I found out about what they ate, and how a male
seahorse managed to give birth to 1500 babies! And although our guide told us it was hard to see
the young ones, we were lucky enough to catch sight of some in the tank!
We also went to one of the Center’s talks about the underwater world.
Ours was called ‘Sharks’,
and the one on the following day was called ‘Creatures of the Deep’. There are talks on other
topics given on different days, so it’s best to check which talk will take place on the day you go.
Once we’d bought our ticket, we could go in and out of the Center as many times as we liked
during the day. We can also buy an annual pass that gives you unlimited entry all year around. I’m
saving up for one!
For questions 1 – 5, circle A, if the sentence is correct, or B, if the sentence is incorrect.
For questions 6 – 10, answer the questions. Use your own words.
1. Rebecca hardy’s home is close to the coast.
2. At the Ocean Center, you can see fish from both seas and rivers.
3. All the creatures that are on display at the Center aren’t dangerous.
4. The admission fee for the center goes to environmental projects.
5. Rebecca was allowed to feed the fish at the Center.
6. Rebecca had to book in advance to see the fish at their feeding time.
7. The Ocen Centre has the largest collection of seahorses in the world.
8. Rebecca was pleased that she was able to see baby seahorses in the exhibition.
9. Each day, the Centre holds lots of talks on different topics.
10. Rebecca found she could leave and return to the Centre during her visit without paying again.
Exercise 2: read the passage and choose the best answer.
Los Angeles, California is the most exciting city in the USA. It’s got Hollywood, Disneyland, fantastic beaches and the LA Dodgers baseball team.But LA wasn’t always exciting. In 1900 it was smaller and quieter, and Hollywood was a small village. Then film studios arrived, and the village of Hollywood changed. Today it is part of LA, and Hollywood’s ‘Walk of Fame’ is the most famous place in the city. It’s got more than 2,000 stars on it! It’s always sunny in LA and there are lots of different attractions. You can go shopping on Sunset Boulevard (It’s too expensive for me!), or you can surf on Venice Beach. There are theatres, museums, the biggest theme parks in the USA and the noisiest sports stadiums. LA is the best city in the world!
A.Decide if the statements are true (T) or false (F). ( note: A for True , B for False)
26.LA is the world’s most exciting city. 27.Hollywood used to be a small village
28.There are a lot of tourist attractions in LA.
29.The weather is good in LA.
30.The shops on Sunset Boulevard are cheap.
Tìm lỗi sai và sửa chúng
1.I'm really a keen on going to the cinema, so I have got lots of favorite
2.films. But the best one as I've seen lately is called Pressure. In some
3.ways, I suppose that you could regard it as a detective film,but it's
4.different from most films of that one kind because the characters are
5.they such unusual people. The detective in it,For example, is a computer
6.expert who solves crimes on her computer using information given to
7.her by her assistants, who go out and interview to people. the Case in
8.The film concerns the wife of a millionaire, who has gone missing.
9.Sometimes the plot is a bit complicated but it is not too hard to keep
10.up with it. There are a lot of strange characters in it, such as a man
11.who always wears two hats on and some of the scenes really made me
12.laugh.Also there is a big surprise at the end but i won't say you what
13.that is in the case you go to see it. it was very well acted and I also like
14. the music in it. But what do I really like about the film is that it is so
15.orignal- I have never seen a film quite like that.
Tìm lỗi sai và sửa chúng
1.I'm really a keen on going to the cinema, so I have got lots of favorite
2.films. But the best one as I've seen lately is called Pressure. In some
3.ways, I suppose that you could regard it as a detective film,but it's
4.different from most films of that one kind because the characters are
5.they such unusual people. The detective in it,For example, is a computer
6.expert who solves crimes on her computer using information given to
7.her by her assistants, who go out and interview to people. the Case in
8.The film concerns the wife of a millionaire, who has gone missing.
9.Sometimes the plot is a bit complicated but it is not too hard to keep
10.up with it. There are a lot of strange characters in it, such as a man
11.who always wears two hats on and some of the scenes really made me
12.laugh.Also there is a big surprise at the end but i won't say you what
13.that is in the case you go to see it. it was very well acted and I also like
14. the music in it. But what do I really like about the film is that it is so
15.orignal- I have never seen a film quite like that.
Giúp mik ik mik tick cho.tks
Please, let's go Go my terror. I've been in my years and I feel lonely and muddy for ignoring the very last thing I've never reached and always illusory. I have delayed my studies. It is also considered to be a vengeance when it is also an interest that I can live in this society. Setting foot in society encounters a lot of obstacles and difficulties for yourself because thankfully I have loved ones besides also considered but more than the people in the world, I don't think so right from the beginning, I just thought of being banished as I was in prison that I was wrong because after all it was the silent thing that helped me the river in this society. Besides, the pressures and frustrances of what you have done and so do I have nothing for the hour and the fitting I have to live for over time, but I like to kill my childhood and the time of death that has made me lose the things I desire
dịch hộ tớ cái nha thank các bạn thước, mik ko cs j nhiều bằng 1 tick cho người nhanh nhất
các bạn hãy giúp mình dịch đoạn văn này với:
Everyone has one’s favorite pet. As for me, I very love my dog named Pull. The dog is an Alaska dog with straight brown hair, blue eyes and big ear. He is said to be intelligent, loyal and obedient. Moreover, Pull is friendly and well-trained when I said “sit down” or “run around” he will do absolutely true. I remember the first day I have met Pull-my 12 birthday, he is a present given by my father. At that time, Pull was 2 years old, he was small and unfamiliar with my family’s members. Nowadays, he is an adult dog with good health and he seems to be one important member of my whole family. Pull and I usually have wonderful time together we eat, go shopping, walk in the sunrise and sunset, and play in a local park. As I’m the only child in my family, Pull is my best friend. Whenever I have trouble or whatever mistake I do, I always have him by my side. Although he is not able to talk, I feel the love and caring of him for me. Besides, Pull helps my mother much in household, he can hold a heavy bucket of water. Dog is not food; therefore I condemn the action of stealing dog by killing them with electricity in VN and selling it for some taverns. Dog is an animal for people to feed, love and care. Dog is not a product of any individual who wants to earn illegal money from it. Finally, it’s better for a house with a domestic dog so that it brings happiness in addition to keeping your house save.