\(12.\left(5^2+1\right).\left(5^4+1\right).\left(5^8+1\right).\left(5^{16}+1\right)\)
\(=\frac{24}{2}.\left(5^2+1\right).\left(5^4+1\right).\left(5^8+1\right).\left(5^{16}+1\right)\)
\(=\frac{5^2-1}{2}.\left(5^2+1\right).\left(5^4+1\right).\left(5^8+1\right).\left(5^{16}+1\right)\)
\(=\frac{5^4-1}{2}.\left(5^4+1\right).\left(5^8+1\right).\left(5^{16}+1\right)\)
\(=\frac{5^8-1}{2}.\left(5^8+1\right).\left(5^{16}+1\right)\)
\(=\frac{5^{16}-1}{2}.\left(5^{16}+1\right)\)
\(=\frac{5^{32}-1}{2}\)