a, \(4x^2-1-x\left(2x+1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)-x\left(2x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{2};x=1\)
b, \(x^2-3x-4x+12=0\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-3\right)-4\left(x-3\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-4\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x=3;x=4\)
c, \(x^2-8x+16-10=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-4\right)^2-10=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4+\sqrt{10}\\x=4-\sqrt{10}\end{matrix}\right.\)