Ta có:
\(a\div2\left(R=1\right)\Rightarrow\left(a+1\right)⋮2\)
\(a\div3\left(R=2\right)\Rightarrow\left(a+1\right)⋮3\)
\(a\div4\left(R=3\right)\Rightarrow\left(a+1\right)⋮4\)
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\(a\div10\left(R=9\right)\Rightarrow\left(a+1\right)⋮10\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+1\right)⋮\left(1;2;3;...;10\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(a+1\right)=BCNN\left(1;2;3;...;10\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+1\right)=2520\)
\(\Rightarrow a=2520-1=2519\)
Vậy số tự nhiên a nhỏ nhất thỏa mãn là 2519