ta có : \(13\text{ chia 4 dư 1 nên }13^{16}=4k+1\text{ nên}\)
\(3^{13^{14}}=3^{4k+1}=3.81^k\text{ mà 81 chia 16 dư 1 nên : }3.81^k\text{ chia 16 dư 3}\)
vậy \(3^{13^{16}}\text{ chia 16 dư 3}\)
b.\(20\text{ chia 3 dư 2 nên }20^{21}\text{ chia 3 dư 2 nên : }20^{21}=3k+2\)
\(\Rightarrow4^{20^{21}}=4^{3k+2}=16\times64^k\)
mà \(64^k\text{ chia 21 dư 1 nên }4^{20^{21}}\text{ chia 21 dư 16}\)