- Với \(x=1\Rightarrow y=1\)
- Với \(x>1\Rightarrow y>1\)
\(\Rightarrow3^x=2^y+1\)
Do \(y>1\Rightarrow2^y⋮4\Rightarrow2^y+1\equiv1\left(mod4\right)\) \(\Rightarrow3^x\equiv1\left(mod4\right)\)
Nếu \(x=2k+1\Rightarrow3^x=3^{2k+1}=3.9^k\equiv3\left(mod4\right)\) (ktm)
\(\Rightarrow x=2k\Rightarrow3^{2k}-1=2^y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3^k-1\right)\left(3^k+1\right)=2^y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3^k-1=2^a\\3^k+1=2^b\end{matrix}\right.\) với \(b>a\Rightarrow2^b-2^a=2\)
\(\Rightarrow2^a\cdot\left(2^{b-a}-1\right)=2\Rightarrow2^a=2\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow3^k-1=2\Rightarrow k=1\Rightarrow x=2\Rightarrow y=3\)
Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;1\right);\left(2;3\right)\)
