A = x2 - 4xy + 5y2 + 10x - 22y + 2044
= ( x2 - 4xy + 4y2 + 10x - 20y + 25 ) + ( y2 - 2y + 1 ) + 2018
= [ ( x2 - 4xy + 4y2 ) + ( 10x - 20y ) + 25 ] + ( y - 1 )2 + 2018
= [ ( x - 2y )2 + 2( x - 2y ).5 + 52 ] + ( y - 1 )2 + 2018
= ( x - 2y + 5 )2 + ( y - 1 )2 + 2018 ≥ 2018 ∀ x, y
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-2y+5=0\\y-1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-3\\y=1\end{cases}}\)
=> MinA = 2018 <=> x = -3 ; y = 1