Điều kiện: \(x\ne2\)
Phân tích tử thức: \(x^4-16=\left(x^2\right)^2-4^2=\left(x^2-4\right)\left(x^2+4\right)=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+4\right)\)
Phân tích mẫu thức: \(x^4-4x^3+8x^2-16x+16=\left(x^4-4x^3+4x^2\right)+\left(4x^2-16x+16\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+4\left(x^2-4x+4\right)=\left(x-2\right)^2\left(x^2+4\right)\)
Ta có: \(P=\frac{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+4\right)}{\left(x-2\right)^2\left(x^2+4\right)}=\frac{x+2}{x-2}=\frac{\left(x-2\right)+4}{x-2}=1+\frac{4}{x-2}\)
Để P là số nguyên thì \(x-2\inƯ\left(4\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x-2\in\left\{-4;-2;-1;1;2;4\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-2;0;1;3;4;6\right\}\)
Điều kiện: x\ne2x̸=2
Phân tích tử thức: x^4-16=\left(x^2\right)^2-4^2=\left(x^2-4\right)\left(x^2+4\right)=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+4\right)x4−16=(x2)2−42=(x2−4)(x2+4)=(x−2)(x+2)(x2+4)
Phân tích mẫu thức: x^4-4x^3+8x^2-16x+16=\left(x^4-4x^3+4x^2\right)+\left(4x^2-16x+16\right)x4−4x3+8x2−16x+16=(x4−4x3+4x2)+(4x2−16x+16)
=x^2\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+4\left(x^2-4x+4\right)=\left(x-2\right)^2\left(x^2+4\right)=x2(x2−4x+4)+4(x2−4x+4)=(x−2)2(x2+4)
Ta có: P=\frac{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+4\right)}{\left(x-2\right)^2\left(x^2+4\right)}=\frac{x+2}{x-2}=\frac{\left(x-2\right)+4}{x-2}=1+\frac{4}{x-2}P=(x−2)2(x2+4)(x−2)(x+2)(x2+4)=x−2x+2=x−2(x−2)+4=1+x−24
Để P là số nguyên thì x-2\inƯ\left(4\right)x−2∈Ư(4)
\Rightarrow x-2\in\left\{-4;-2;-1;1;2;4\right\}⇒x−2∈{−4;−2;−1;1;2;4}
\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-2;0;1;3;4;6\right\}⇒x∈{−2;0;1;3;4;6}