a/
Đặt $\frac{a-1}{2}=\frac{b-2}{3}=\frac{c-3}{4}=k$
$\Rightarrow a=2k+1; b=3k+2; c=4k+3$
Khi đó:
$3a+3b-c=50$
$\Rightarrow 3(2k+1)+3(3k+2)-(4k+3)=50$
$\Rightarrow 11k+6=50$
$\Rightarrow 11k=44\Rightarrow k=4$
Ta có:
$a=2k+1=2.4+1=9$
$b=3k+2=3.4+2=14$
$c=4k+3=4.4+3=19$
b/
$2a=3b; 5b=7c\Rightarrow \frac{a}{3}=\frac{b}{2}; \frac{b}{7}=\frac{c}{5}$
$\Rightarrow \frac{a}{21}=\frac{b}{14}=\frac{c}{10}$
Áp dụng TCDTSBN:
$\frac{a}{21}=\frac{b}{14}=\frac{c}{10}=\frac{3a}{63}=\frac{7b}{98}=\frac{5c}{50}=\frac{3a-7b+5c}{63-98+50}=\frac{45}{15}=3$
$\Rightarrow a=21.3=63; b=14.3=42; c=10.3=30$