a)
5x-5y+ax-ay = 5(x-y) +a(x-y) = (x-y)(5+a)
b) a^3 -a^2x-ay+xy = a^2(a-x) -y(a-x) = (a-x)(a^2-y)
c) xy(x+y) +yz(y+z) +xz(x+z) +2xyz = x^2.y+xy^2 +y^2.z+xz^2 +x^2.z+xz^2 +2xyz
= (x^2.y+x^2.z)+(xy^2+xz^2+2xyz)+(y^2.z+yz^2) = x^2(y+z) +x.(y+z)^2 +yz(y+z)
=(y+z)(x^2+x+yz)