17.
Gọi số vi khuẩn ban đầu là x
Sau 5 phút số vi khuẩn là: \(x.2^5=64000\Rightarrow x=2000\)
Sau k phút:
\(2000.2^k=2048000\Rightarrow2^k=1024=2^{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow k=10\)
18.
\(S_{2019}=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^1+1+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+1+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{2019}+1\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^1+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{2019}+2019\)
Xét \(S=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^1+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{2019}\) là tổng cấp số nhân với \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_1=\dfrac{1}{2}\\q=\dfrac{1}{2}\\n=2019\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{2019}-1}{\dfrac{1}{2}-1}=1-\dfrac{1}{2^{2019}}\)
\(\Rightarrow S_{2020}=2019+S=2020-\dfrac{1}{2^{2019}}\)
19. C là khẳng định sai, ví dụ: \(u_n=2\) ; \(v_n=-\dfrac{1}{n}\)
