Ta có:
\(x^3+y^3+z^3=3xyz\)
nên \(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3+y^3\right)+z^3-3xyz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)-3xyz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x+y\right).z+z^2\right]-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x+y\right)z+z^2-3xy\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-xz-yz+z^2-3xy\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-xz-yz\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\left(2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2xz-2yz\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-2yz+z^2\right)+\left(z^2-2xz+x^2\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow^{x+y+z=0}_{x=y=z}\)
Do đó:
\(M=\left(2-\frac{x}{y}\right)^{2013}+\left(3-\frac{2x}{z}\right)^{2014}+\left(4-\frac{3z}{x}\right)^{2015}\)
\(=\left(2-\frac{y}{y}\right)^{2013}+\left(3-\frac{2z}{z}\right)^{2014}+\left(4-\frac{3x}{x}\right)^{2015}\)
\(=\left(2-1\right)^{2013}+\left(3-2\right)^{2014}+\left(4-3\right)^{2015}\)
\(M=1^{2013}+1^{2014}+1^{2015}=1+1+1=3\)
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