a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,43}{27}=0,09;n_{HNO_3}=0,21.2=0,42\)
Al + 4HNO3 → NO + 2H2O + Al(NO3)3
0,09__0,42
Lập tỉ lệ : \(\dfrac{0,09}{1}< \dfrac{0,42}{4}\) => HNO3 dư
Dung dịch X : Al(NO3)3 : 0,09 (mol)
HNO3 dư : (0,42-0,09.4)=0,06 (mol)
b) M + HCl ------> MCl + \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)H2
\(n_M=2n_{H_2}=2.\dfrac{4,2}{22,4}=0,375\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(M_M=\dfrac{8,625}{0,375}=23\left(Na\right)\)