Ta có
\(1-\frac{2x}{2x+y}=1-\frac{2xy}{2xy+y^2}=\frac{y^2}{2xy+y^2}\left(1\right)\)
Ta lại có
\(\frac{y^2}{2xy+y^2}+\frac{2xy+y^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\ge\frac{2y}{x+y+z}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2)
\(\Rightarrow1-\frac{2x}{2x+y}+\frac{2xy+y^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\ge\frac{2y}{x+y+z}\left(3\right)\)
Tương tự
\(1-\frac{2y}{2y+z}+\frac{2yz+z^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\ge\frac{2z}{\left(x+y+z\right)}\left(4\right)\)
\(1-\frac{2z}{2z+x}+\frac{2xz+x^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\ge\frac{2x}{x+y+z}\left(5\right)\)
Lấy (3) + (4) + (5) vế theo vế ta được
\(3-2M+\frac{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+x^2+y^2+z^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\ge\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{x+y+z}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3-2M+1\ge2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M\le1\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=z\)
