Ta có : 22019 - 2 = 2.(22018 - 1)
= 2.[(2 + 22 + 23 + .... + 22018) - (1 + 2 + 22 + ... + 22017)]
= 2.[2.(1 + 22 + 23 + ... + 22017 - (1 + 2 + 22 + .... + 22017)]
= 2.(1 + 2 + 22 + 23 +.. + 22016 + 22017)
= 2.[(1 + 2) + (22 + 23 )+.... + (22016 + 22017)]
= 2.[(1 + 2) + 22.(1 + 2) + ... + 22016.(1 + 2)]
= 2.(3 + 22.3 + ... + 22016.3
= 2.3.(1 + 22 + ... + 22016) \(⋮\)3
=> 22019 - 2 \(⋮\)3 (đpcm)