a/ \(\left(\frac{x+y}{2}\right)^2\ge xy\)
Ta có \(\left(\frac{x+y}{2}\right)^2-xy\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2^2}-xy\)
\(=\frac{x^2+2xy+y^2}{4}-\frac{4xy}{4}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+2xy+y^2-4xy}{4}\)
\(=\frac{x^2-2xy+y^2}{4}=\frac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{4}\)
mak ta lại có :
\(\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow\frac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{x+y}{2}\right)^2-xy\ge0\)\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{x+y}{2}\right)^2\ge xy\)
b/ \(x^2\ge2y\left(x-y\right)\)
ta có \(x^2-2y\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=x^2-2xy+2y^2\)
\(=x^2-2xy+y^2+y^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+y^2\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2+y^2\)
Ta lại có \(\orbr{\begin{cases}\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\\y^2\ge0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+y^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-2y\left(x-y\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2\ge2y\left(x-y\right)\)
c/ \(4a^4-4a^3+a^2\ge0\)
ta có : \(4a^4-4a^3+a^3\)
\(=a^2\left(4a^2-4a+1\right)\)
\(=a^2\left(2a-1\right)^2\)
ta có \(\orbr{\begin{cases}a^2\ge0\\\left(2a-1\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2\left(2a-1\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow4a^4-4a^3+a^3\ge0\)
d/\(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\)
ta có \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}-2\)
\(=\frac{a^2}{ab}+\frac{b^2}{ab}-\frac{2ab}{ab}\)
\(=\frac{a^2+b^2-2ab}{ab}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab}\)
Có \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}-2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\left(a,b>0\right)\)
