a4 + a3 + a + 1 ≥ 0
<=> a3( a + 1 ) + ( a + 1 ) ≥ 0
<=> ( a + 1 )( a3 + 1 ) ≥ 0
<=> ( a + 1 )2( a2 - a + 1 ) ≥ 0 ( đúng )
Vậy ta có đpcm. Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = -1
Ta có: \(a^4+a^3+a+1\)
\(=a^3\left(a+1\right)+\left(a+1\right)\)
\(=\left(a+1\right)\left(a^3+1\right)\)
\(=\left(a+1\right)\left(a+1\right)\left(a^2-a+1\right)\)
\(=\left(a+1\right)^2\left[\left(a^2-a+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\frac{3}{4}\right]\)
\(=\left(a+1\right)^2\left[\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\right]\ge0\left(\forall a\right)\) (luôn đúng)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: a = -1
\(a^4+a^3+a+1\)
\(=a^3\left(a+1\right)+\left(a+1\right)\)
\(=\left(a^3+1\right)\left(a+1\right)\)
\(=\left(a+1\right)\left(a+1\right)\left(a^2-a+1\right)\)
\(=\left(a+1\right)^2\left(a^2-a+1\right)\)
\(=\left(a+1\right)^2\left[\left(a+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\right]\ge\frac{3}{4}\ge0\)
