Nhận thấy với mọi k \(\in\) N* ta có :
\(\left(\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}\right).\left(\sqrt{k+1}+\sqrt{k}\right)=\left(\sqrt{k+1}\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{k}\right)^2=k+1-k=1\)
\( \implies\)\(\frac{\left(\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}\right).\left(\sqrt{k+1}+\sqrt{k}\right)}{\sqrt{k+1}+\sqrt{k}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{k+1}+\sqrt{k}}\)
\( \implies\) \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{k+1}+\sqrt{k}}=\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}\)
Thật vậy : \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}}=\frac{2}{2.\sqrt{k}}>\frac{2}{\sqrt{k}+\sqrt{k+1}}=2.\left(\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}\right)\)
Thay k = 1 ; 2 ; 3 ; ....; 64 ta được :
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}>2.\left(\sqrt{1+1}-\sqrt{1}\right)=2.\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}\right)=2.\sqrt{2}-2.\sqrt{1}\)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}>2.\left(\sqrt{2+1}-\sqrt{2}\right)=2.\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)=2.\sqrt{3}-2.\sqrt{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}>2.\left(\sqrt{3+1}-\sqrt{3}\right)=2.\left(\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}\right)=2.\sqrt{4}-2.\sqrt{3}\)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{64}}>2.\left(\sqrt{64+1}-\sqrt{64}\right)=2.\left(\sqrt{65}-\sqrt{64}\right)=2.\sqrt{65}-2.\sqrt{64}\)
Cộng vế với vế ta được :
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{64}}>2.\sqrt{2}-2.\sqrt{1}+2.\sqrt{3}-2.\sqrt{2}+....+2.\sqrt{65}-2.\sqrt{64}\)
\( \implies\) \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{64}}>2.\sqrt{65}-2.\sqrt{1}=2.\left(\sqrt{65}-\sqrt{1}\right)\) ( * )
Ta thấy : \(\sqrt{65}>\sqrt{64}\)
\( \implies\) \(\sqrt{65}-\sqrt{1}>\sqrt{64}-\sqrt{1}\)
\( \implies\) \(\sqrt{65}-\sqrt{1}>7\)
\( \implies\) \(2.\left(\sqrt{65}-\sqrt{1}\right)>2.7\)
\( \implies\) \(2.\left(\sqrt{65}-\sqrt{1}\right)>14\) ( ** )
Từ ( * ) ; ( ** )
\( \implies\) \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{64}}>14\left(đpcm\right)\)
