Lời giải :
\(P=\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{z+x}+\frac{z}{x+y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P+3=\frac{x}{y+z}+1+\frac{y}{z+x}+1+\frac{z}{x+y}+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P+3=\frac{x+y+z}{y+z}+\frac{x+y+z}{z+x}+\frac{x+y+z}{x+y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P+3=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}+\frac{1}{x+y}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(P+3\right)=\left(x+y+y+z+z+x\right)\left(\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}+\frac{1}{x+y}\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si :
\(\left(x+y\right)+\left(y+z\right)+\left(z+x\right)\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)
\(\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}+\frac{1}{x+y}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}}\)
Do đó :
\(2\left(P+3\right)\ge\frac{3\sqrt[3]{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\cdot3\sqrt[3]{1}}{\sqrt[3]{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2P+6\ge9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\)
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p/s: BĐT còn gọi là BĐT Nesbitt. Có nhiều cách chứng minh, bạn có thể lên gg tìm hiểu.
xin thêm 1 cách
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=y+z>0\\b=z+x>0\\c=x+y>0\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{b+c-a}{2}\\y=\frac{a+c-b}{2}\\z=\frac{a+b-c}{2}\end{cases}}\)Thay vào P ta được:
\(P=\frac{b+c-a}{2a}+\frac{a+c-b}{2b}+\frac{a+b-c}{2c}\)
\(=\frac{b}{2a}+\frac{c}{2a}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{a}{2b}+\frac{c}{2b}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{a}{2c}+\frac{b}{2c}-\frac{1}{2}\)
\(=\left(\frac{b}{2a}+\frac{a}{2b}\right)+\left(\frac{c}{2a}+\frac{a}{2c}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{2c}+\frac{c}{2b}\right)-\frac{3}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{b}{2a}+\frac{a}{2b}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{b}{2a}.\frac{a}{2b}}=1\)
CMTT\(P\ge3-\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu"="xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\)
\(\frac{a^2+\sqrt{a}}{a-\sqrt{a}+1}-\frac{2a+\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}}+1\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{a}\left(a\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{a-\sqrt{a}+1}-\frac{\sqrt{a}\left(2\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{\sqrt{a}}+1\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(a-\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{a-\sqrt{a}+1}-2\sqrt{a}-1+1\)
\(=\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)-2\sqrt{a}\)
\(=a+\sqrt{a}-2\sqrt{a}=a-\sqrt{a}\)
\(a>1\Rightarrow\sqrt{a}>1\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a}-1>0\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)>0\Leftrightarrow a-\sqrt{a}>0\)
Khi đó \(\left|P\right|=\left|a-\sqrt{a}\right|=a-\sqrt{a}=P\)
11c. Ta có : \(\sqrt{x}+3\ge3\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{\sqrt{x}+3}\le\frac{3}{3}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{-3}{\sqrt{x}+3}\ge-1\)
Hay \(P\ge-1\)
Dấu "=" \(x=0\)
\(a-\sqrt{a}=\left(\sqrt{a}\right)^2-2\sqrt{a}\cdot\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{4}=\left(\sqrt{a}-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{1}{4}\ge\frac{-1}{4}\forall a\)
Dấu "=" khi \(\sqrt{a}=\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow a=\frac{1}{4}\)
Không biết ai ghen ăn tức ở mà kick sai cho cháu của ta vậy ?
Ló cái đuôi ra đây coi nào :)))
mik theo ý bạn phương nha
