Question

Cho tổng S = 3^1+ 3^2+3^3 + ...+ 3^20 . Chứng tỏ:

a) S chia hết 12

b) S chia hết 120

Các bạn cho mình lời giải chi tiết nha. Mình cảm ơn^^

Answer 1

\(a,S=\left(3+3^2\right)+\left(3^3+3^4\right)+...+\left(3^{19}+3^{20}\right)\\ S=\left(3+3^2\right)+3^2\left(3+3^2\right)+...+3^{18}\left(3+3^2\right)\\ S=\left(3+3^2\right)\left(1+3^2+...+3^{18}\right)=12\left(1+3^2+...+3^{18}\right)⋮12\)

\(b,S=\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4\right)+...+\left(3^{17}+3^{18}+3^{19}+3^{20}\right)\\ S=\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4\right)+....+3^{16}\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4\right)\\ S=\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4\right)\left(1+...+3^{16}\right)\\ S=120\left(1+...+3^{16}\right)⋮120\)

Answer 2

\(a,S=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{20}\)

Ta thấy:\(3+3^2=12⋮12\)

\(\Rightarrow S=\left(3+3^2\right)+3^2\left(3+3^2\right)+...+3^{18}\left(3+3^2\right)\\ \Rightarrow S=\left(3+3^2\right)\left(1+3^2+...+1^{18}\right)\\ \Rightarrow S=12.\left(1+3^2+...+3^{18}\right)⋮12\\ \left(đpcm\right)\)

\(b,Ta\) \(thấy:\)\(3+3^2+3^3+3^4=120⋮120\)

\(\Rightarrow S=\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4\right)+...+\left(3^{17}+3^{18}+3^{19}+3^{20}\right)\\ \Rightarrow S=\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4\right)+...+3^{16}\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4\right)\\ \Rightarrow S=\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4\right)\left(1+...+3^{16}\right)\\ \Rightarrow S=120\left(1+...+3^{16}\right)⋮120\\ \left(đpcm\right)\)