\(S=1.2.3+2.3.4+3.4.5+...+9.10.11\)
\(4S=1.2.3.4+2.3.4.\left(5-1\right)+3.4.5.\left(6-2\right)+...+9.10.11.\left(12-8\right)\)
\(=1.2.3.4+2.3.4.5-1.2.3.4+3.4.5.6-2.3.4.5+...+9.10.11.12-8.9.10.11\)
\(=9.10.11.12\)
\(4S+1=9.10.11.12+1=\left(9.12\right).\left(10.11\right)+1=108.110+1\)
\(=\left(109-1\right)\left(109+1\right)+1=109^2-1+1=109^2\)
Ta có đpcm.
Ta có \(k\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}k\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)\cdot4\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}k\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)\left[\left(k+3\right)-\left(k-1\right)\right]\\ =\dfrac{1}{4}k\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)\left(k+3\right)-\dfrac{1}{4}\left(k-1\right)k\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)\)
Từ đó ta được \(S=\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot1\cdot2\cdot3\cdot4-\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot0\cdot1\cdot2\cdot3+...+\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot9\cdot10\cdot11\cdot12-\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot8\cdot9\cdot10\cdot11\\ \Leftrightarrow S=\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot9\cdot10\cdot11\cdot12\\ \Leftrightarrow4S+1=9\cdot10\cdot11\cdot12+1=11881=109^2\left(đpcm\right)\)
