ĐKXĐ bạn tự xét nhé
\(M=\left(1+\frac{a}{a^2+1}\right):\left(\frac{1}{a-1}-\frac{2a}{a^3-a^2+a-1}\right)\)
\(M=\left(\frac{a^2+1}{a^2+1}+\frac{a}{a^2+1}\right):\left(\frac{a^2+1}{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(a-1\right)}-\frac{2a}{a^2\left(a-1\right)+\left(a-1\right)}\right)\)
\(M=\left(\frac{a^2+a+1}{a^2+1}\right):\left(\frac{a^2+1}{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(a-1\right)}-\frac{2a}{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(a-1\right)}\right)\)
\(M=\left(\frac{a^2+a+1}{a^2+1}\right):\left(\frac{a^2-2a+1}{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(a-1\right)}\right)\)
\(M=\left(\frac{a^2+a+1}{a^2+1}\right):\left(\frac{\left(a-1\right)^2}{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(a-1\right)}\right)\)
\(M=\frac{\left(a^2+a+1\right)\left(a^2+1\right)\left(a-1\right)}{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(a-1\right)^2}\)
\(M=\frac{a^2+a+1}{a-1}\)
Để M thuộc Z thì \(a^2+a+1⋮a-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-a+2a-2+3⋮a-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(a-1\right)+2\left(a-1\right)+3⋮a-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(a+2\right)+3⋮a-1\)
Mà \(\left(a-1\right)\left(a+2\right)⋮a-1\)
\(\Rightarrow3⋮a-1\)
\(\Rightarrow a-1\inƯ\left(3\right)=\left\{1;3;-1;-3\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow a\in\left\{2;4;0;-2\right\}\)
Để M = 7 thì :
\(\frac{a^2+a+1}{a-1}=7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+a+1=7\left(a-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+a+1=7a-7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-6a+8=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2a-4a+8=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(a-2\right)-4\left(a-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2\right)\left(a-4\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a-2=0\\a-4=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a=2\\a=4\end{cases}}}\)
Để M > 0 thì :
\(\frac{a^2+a+1}{a-1}>0\)
Vì \(a^2+a+1>0\forall a\), do đó để M > 0 thì : \(a-1>0\Leftrightarrow a>1\)
Chứng minh \(a^2+a+1>0\):
Đặt \(B=a^2+a+1\)
\(B=a^2+2\cdot a\cdot\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\)
\(B=\left(a+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\)
Vì \(\left(a+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall a\)
\(\Rightarrow B\ge0+\frac{3}{4}=\frac{3}{4}>0\)
\(\Rightarrow B>0\left(đpcm\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a+\frac{1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow a=\frac{-1}{2}\)
