Ta có: \(E=1.2.3+2.3.4+.....+n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow4E=1.2.3.4+2.3.4.\left(5-1\right)+......+n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left[\left(n+3\right)-\left(n-1\right)\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow4E=1.2.3.4+2.3.4.5-1.2.3.4+....+\) \(n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n+3\right)-\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow4E=n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n+3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow4E=n\left(n+3\right)\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)=\left(n^2+3n\right)\left(n^2+3n+2\right)\)
Đặt n2 + 3n +1 = y
\(\Rightarrow4E+1=\left(y-1\right)\left(y+1\right)+1=y^2-1+1=y^2\)
\(\Rightarrow4E+1=\left(n^2+3n+1\right)^2\)
Vì n tự nhiên => n2 + 3n + 1 tự nhiên => 4E + 1 là số chính phương
=> đpcm.
