Ta có: \(\frac{ab}{a+b}=\frac{bc}{b+c}=\frac{ca}{c+a}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{abc}{c\left(a+b\right)}=\frac{abc}{a\left(b+c\right)}=\frac{abc}{b\left(c+a\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow c\left(a+b\right)=a\left(b+c\right)=b\left(c+a\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow ac+bc=ab+ac=bc+ab\)
Lại có: \(ac+bc=ab+ac\)\(\Rightarrow bc=ab\)\(\Rightarrow a=c\) (1)
\(ab+ac=bc+ab\)\(\Rightarrow ac=bc\)\(\Rightarrow a=b\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow a=b=c\)
Ta có: \(P=\frac{ab^2+bc^2+ca^2}{a^3+b^3+c^3}=\frac{a.a^2+b.b^2+c.c^2}{a^3+b^3+c^3}=\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{a^3+b^3+c^3}=1\)
