Question

Cho A = 3 + 3 mũ 2 + ... + 3 mũ 30

a, Chứng minh A chia hết cho 13 và A chia hết cho 52

b, A có phải là số chính phương không? Vì sao?

Answer 1

1)

a) $A=3+3^2+3^3+3^4+3^5+3^6+....+3^{28}+3^{29}+3^{30}$

$\iff A=\left(3+3^2+3^3\right)+\left(3^4+3^5+3^6\right)+....+\left(3^{28}+3^{29}+3^{30}\right)$

$\iff A=3\left(1+3+3^2\right)+3^4\left(1+3+3^2\right)+....+3^{28}\left(1+3+3^2\right)$

$\iff A=3.13+3^4.13+....+3^{28}.13$

$\iff A=13\left(3+3^4+....+3^{28}\right)⋮13\left(dpcm\right)$

b) $A=3+3^2+3^3+3^4+3^5+3^6+....+3^{25}+3^{26}+3^{27}+3^{28}+3^{29}+3^{30}$

$\iff A=\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4+3^5+3^6\right)+....+\left(3^{25}+3^{26}+3^{27}+3^{28}+3^{29}+3^{30}\right)$

$\iff A=3\left(1+3+3^2+3^3+3^4+3^5\right)+....+3^{25}\left(1+3+3^2+3^3+3^4+3^5\right)$

$\iff A=3.364+....+3^{25}.364$

$\iff A=364\left(3+3^5+3^{10}+....+3^{25}\right)$

$\iff A=52.7\left(3+3^5+3^{10}+....+3^{25}\right)⋮52\left(dpcm\right)$

 

2) $A=3+3^2+3^3+....+3^{30}$

$\iff 3A=3\left(3+3^2+3^3+....+3^{30}\right)$

$\iff 3A=3^2+3^3+3^4+....+3^{30}+3^{31}$

$\iff 3A-A=\left(3^2+3^3+3^4+....+3^{30}+3^{31}\right)-\left(3+3^2+3^3+....+3^{30}\right)$

$\iff 2A=3^{31}-3$

⇔A=331−32⇔�=331−32

Vậy A không phải là số chính phương
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