a) Gọi số mol Mg, Al là a, b (mol)
=> 24a + 27b = 1,98 (1)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
a--->2a-------->a---->a
2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
b---->3b------->b----->1,5b
=> \(n_{H_2}=a+1,5b=\dfrac{2,352}{22,4}=0,105\left(mol\right)\) (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,015 (mol); b = 0,06 (mol)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,015.24}{1,98}.100\%=18,18\%\\\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,06.27}{1,98}.100\%=81,82\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{MgCl_2}=0,015.95=1,425\left(g\right)\\m_{AlCl_3}=0,06.133,5=8,01\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(MgCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,015}{0,16}=0,09375M\\C_{M\left(AlCl_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,06}{0,16}=0,375M\\C_{M\left(HCl.dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,16.1,5-0,015.20,06.2}{0,16}=0,5625M\end{matrix}\right.\)