2Al + 6HCl \(\rightarrow\) 2AlCl3 + 3H2
nAl = 0,45 mol
nHCl = 2,15
nAl : nHCl = \(\dfrac{0,45}{2}:\dfrac{2,15}{6}=0,225:0,35\)
Do 0,225 < 0,35 nên Al hết, HCl dư
THeo pt: nAlCl3 = nAl = 0,45mol
=> mAlCl3 = 0,45.133,5=60,075g => a = 60,075
Theo pt: nH2 = \(\dfrac{3}{2}nAl=0,675mol\)
=> V = 0,675.22,4 = 15,12l => b = 15,12l
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{12.15}{27}=0.45\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{78.4}{98}=0.8\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(2..............3\)
\(0.45...........0.8\)
\(\text{Lập tỉ lệ : }\)\(\dfrac{0.45}{2}< \dfrac{0.8}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow H_2SO_4\text{dư}\)
\(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0.225\cdot342=76.95\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.675\cdot22.4=15.12\left(l\right)\)